Sexual Violence in History: A Bibliography

compiled by Stefan Blaschke

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Start: Topical Index: Types: Sexual Assault: Sex Trafficking:

Types: Sexual Assault:
SEX TRAFFICKING IN THE 20TH CENTURY

[Site] G e n e r a l

[Info] Bristow, Edward J. »The Problem of White Slavery.« 12th Annual Conference of the Association for Jewish Studies. Boston 1980.

[Info] Bristow, Edward J. Prostitution and Prejudice: The Jewish Fight against White Slavery, 1870-1939. Oxford 1982.

[Info] Bristow, Edward J. Prostitution and Prejudice: The Jewish Fight against White Slavery, 1870-1939. New York 1983.

[Info] Bristow, Edward J. »History versus Memory: Jews and White Slavery.« Moment 9 (1984): 44-49.

[Info] Buffington, Robert M., et al. »Sex Trafficking.« A Global History of Sexuality: The Modern Era. Edited by Robert M. Buffington et al. Oxford 2014: 151-194.

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. »Stories from the City, Stories from the Sea: Trafficking, Sexual Labor, and Maritime Travel.« 134th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. New York 2020.

[Info] Knepper, Paul. »The International Traffic in Women: Scandinavia and the League of Nations Inquiry of 1927.« Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention 14(S1) (2013): 64-80.

[Info] Müller-Wienbergen, Karina. »Im Raume lesen wir die Zeit: Der internationale Mädchenhandel zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts.« Forum Junge Geschichtswissenschaft. Göttingen 2011.

[Info] Müller-Wienbergen, Karina. »Die weiße Sklavin: Quellenkritische Überlegungen zu den verschwundenen Mädchen in den Großstädten des beginnenden 20. Jahrhunderts.« Workshop „Kritische Geschichte“. Berlin 2011.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Suppression of the Traffic: White Slavery and the League of Nations, 1919-1936.« Con-IH 8. Cambridge 2008.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The Long History of the International Anti-Sex Trafficking Movement.« 108th Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. St. Louis 2015.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Mobilizing Against Trafficking: Transnational Feminist Coalitions against ‘Consuming’ Women’s Bodies.« Forging Bonds Across Borders: Mobilizing for Women's Rights ad Social Justice in the 19th-Century Transatlantic World. Washington, D.C., 2016.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The Marital Dimensions of White Slavery: Questions about Women’s Mobility, Citizenship, and Sexuality in the Global Anti-Sex Trafficking Movement.« 17th Berkshire Conference on the History of Women, Genders, and Sexualities. Hempstead 2017.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Tracking the Traffic: The League of Nations’ Investigations into Sex Trafficking.« 110th Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. New Orleans 2017.

[Info] Romero Ruiz, Maria I. »Women's Migration, Prostitution, and Human Trafficking: Gender and Historical Approaches.« Identities on the Move: Contemporary Representations of New Sexualities and Gender Identities. Edited by Silvia Pilar Castro Borrego et al. London 2015: 27-38.

[Info] Schrover, Marlou. »History of Slavery, Human Smuggling and Trafficking 1860–2010.« Histories of Transnational Crime. Edited by Gerben Bruinsma. New York 2015: 41-70.

[Info] Winterdyk, John A., et al., eds. The Palgrave International Handbook of Human Trafficking. Cham 2019.


[Site] A f r i c a n   H i s t o r y

[Site] General

[Info] Ampofo, Akosua A. »The Sex Trade, Globalisation and Issues of Survival in Sub-Saharan Africa.« Research Review 17 (2001): 27-43.


[Site] Ghanaian History

[Info] Ray, Carina. »Sex Trafficking, Prostitution, and the Law in Colonial British West Africa, 1911-1943.« Trafficking in Slavery's Wake: Law and the Experience of Women and Children in Africa. Edited by Benjamin N. Lawrance et al. Athens 2012: 101-120.

[Info] Ray, Carina. »World War II and the Sex Trade in British West Africa.« Africa and World War II. Edited by Judith A. Byfield et al. New York 2015: 339-356.


[Site] Nigerian History

[Info] Ray, Carina. »Sex Trafficking, Prostitution, and the Law in Colonial British West Africa, 1911-1943.« Trafficking in Slavery's Wake: Law and the Experience of Women and Children in Africa. Edited by Benjamin N. Lawrance et al. Athens 2012: 101-120.

[Info] Ray, Carina. »World War II and the Sex Trade in British West Africa.« Africa and World War II. Edited by Judith A. Byfield et al. New York 2015: 339-356.


[Site] A m e r i c a n   H i s t o r y

[Site] Argentine History

[Info] Barberán Reinares, Laura. Sex Trafficking in Post Colonial Literature: Transnational Narratives from Joyce to Bolaño. New York 2015.

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. Reproducing the French Race: Immigration, Intimacy, and Embodiment in the Early Twentieth Century. Durham 2009.

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. »Coercion and Choice: The “Traffic in Women” between France and Argentina in the Early Twentieth Century.« French Historical Studies 42 (2019): 483-507.

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. »Trafficking Histories: Women’s Migration and Sexual Labor in the Early Twentieth Century.« Deportate, suli, profughe No. 40 (2019): 1-13.

[Info] Guy, Donna J. »White Slavery, Public Health, and the Socialist Position on Legalized Prostitution in Argentina, 1913-1936.« Latin American Research Review 23 (1988): 60-80.

[Info] Guy, Donna J. White Slavery and Mothers Alive and Dead: The Troubled Meeting of Sex, Gender, Public Health, and Progress in Latin America. Lincoln 2000.

[Info] Varela, Cecilia I. »Del tráfico de las mujeres al tráfico de las políticas: Apuntes para una historia del movimiento anti-trata en la Argentina (1998-2008).« Publicar 10 (2012): 35-64.

[Info] Whyte, Christine. »“Praise Be, Prostitutes as the Women We Are not.” White Slavery and Human Trafficking – an Intersectional Analysis.« Intersectionality und Kritik: Neue Perspektiven für alte Fragen. Edited by Vera Kallenberg et al. Wiesbaden 2013: 125-141.


[Site] Brazilian History

Representations: Literary Texts: Moacyr Scliar

[Info] Bandeira, Michelle. O Brasil na rota internacional do tráfico de mulheres: Entre o início do século XX e a contemporaneidade. Dissertação, Universidade de Brasília, 2014.

[Info] Venson, Anamaria M. Tráfico internacional de pessoas para exploração sexual? Uma análise de processos-crime (1995-2012). Tese (doutorado), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 2015.

[Info] Venson, Anamaria M. »Tráfico de pessoas para exploração sexual? Uma análise de processos-crime (1995-2012).« Revista Estudos Feministas 25 (2017): 571-591.


[Site] Mexican History

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »'The Mexicali-Tijuana White Slave Tryst': Prostitution, White Womanhood, and the Making of the U.S.-Mexico Border.« 101st Annual Meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association. Pasadena 2008.

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »'Selling American Girls at the Border': Mexico's White Slave Trade in the California Imaginary.« 50th Annual Conference of the Western History Association. Incline Village 2010.

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »Selling American Girls at the Border: Mexico's White Slave Trade in the California Imaginary.« Annual Whitsett Graduate Seminar & Lecture. Northridge 2014.

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »"Selling American Girls at the Border": Mexico's White Slave Trade in the California Imaginary.« 110th Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. New Orleans 2017.

[Info] Fuentes, Pamela. »“For the Brunettes the Price to Be Paid Would Be Paid”: Discourses about Trafficking, Mexican Dancers, and Cabarets in the Panama Canal Zone during the 1940s.« 134th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. New York 2020.


[Site] Panamanian History

[Info] Fuentes, Pamela. »“For the Brunettes the Price to Be Paid Would Be Paid”: Discourses about Trafficking, Mexican Dancers, and Cabarets in the Panama Canal Zone during the 1940s.« 134th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. New York 2020.


[Site] Uruguayan History

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. »Trafficking Histories: Women’s Migration and Sexual Labor in the Early Twentieth Century.« Deportate, suli, profughe No. 40 (2019): 1-13.


[Site] U.S. History

Prosecution: Legislation: White-Slave Traffic Act

[Info] Campbell, Nancy D. »"White Girl Trap": A Political History of "White Slave" Narratives.« 114th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. Chicago 2000.

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »'The Mexicali-Tijuana White Slave Tryst': Prostitution, White Womanhood, and the Making of the U.S.-Mexico Border.« 101st Annual Meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association. Pasadena 2008.

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »'Selling American Girls at the Border': Mexico's White Slave Trade in the California Imaginary.« 50th Annual Conference of the Western History Association. Incline Village 2010.

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »Selling American Girls at the Border: Mexico's White Slave Trade in the California Imaginary.« Annual Whitsett Graduate Seminar & Lecture. Northridge 2014.

[Info] Christensen, Catherine. »"Selling American Girls at the Border": Mexico's White Slave Trade in the California Imaginary.« 110th Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. New Orleans 2017.

[Info] Davies, David M., et al. »"Policing Sexuality": The Mann Act And White Slavery.« The Source. Texas Public Radio, 2014.

[Info] Fuentes, Pamela. »“For the Brunettes the Price to Be Paid Would Be Paid”: Discourses about Trafficking, Mexican Dancers, and Cabarets in the Panama Canal Zone during the 1940s.« 134th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. New York 2020.

[Info] LaGuerre, Cynthia. The Clinton and Bush Administrations’ Response to Human Sex Trafficking of Women: The Debate between Sex Trafficking and Prostitution. Senior Thesis, Bard College, 2012.

[Info] Landau, Emily E. »Shades of Slavery: The 'White Slavery' Campaign and Historical Amnesia in the New South.« 66th Annual Meeting of the Southern Historical Association. Louisville 2000.

[Info] Landau, Emily. »Rape, Ruin, and Race: The Sexual Politics of White Slavery in New Orleans, 1890-1920.« 103rd Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. Washington, D.C., 2010.

[Info] Landau, Emily. »Marketing Miscegenation and Fighting White Slavery: Prostitution and Reform in New Orleans during the Storyville Era, 1897-1917.« Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. Milwaukee 2012.

[Info] Lui, Mary. »Saving Young Girls from Chinatown: White Slavery and Women's Suffrage, 1910-1920.« 99th Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. Washington, D.C., 2006.

[Info] Munshi, Sherally. »White Slavery and the Crisis of Will in the Age of Contract.« Yale Journal of Law and Feminism 30 (2018): 327-369.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica. »White Slavery under J. Edgar Hoover's Bureau of Investigation: The Federal Policing of Interracial Sex under the Mann Act during the 1920s and 1930s.« 103rd Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. Washington, D.C., 2010.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Beyond White Slavery: Policing Women and the Growth of the FBI, 1900-1941.« Center for Multicultural and Gender Studies, Texas State University. San Marcos 2011.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Enforcing a Moral Quarantine: The Federal Bureau of Investigation and the White Slave Traffic Act of 1910.« 15th Berkshire Conference on Women's History. Amherst 2011.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The FBI's White Slave Division: The Creation of a National Regulatory Regime to Police Prostitutes in the United States, 1910-1917.« Fighting Drink, Drugs and Venereal Diseases: Global Anti-Vice Activism, ca. 1870-1940. Ascona 2012.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The White Slave Traffic Act: A Useable Past and the Deep Roots of Modern Day Slavery.« Gilder Lehman Center's 14th Annual International Conference. New Haven 2012.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The FBI's Local White Slavery Corps: The Fight Against Sex Trafficking and the Growth of the Associative State, 1910-1919.« Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance and Abolition at Yale University. New Haven 2013.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The Associative Surveillance State: The White Slave Division, 1910-1917.« Annual Meeting of the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations. Arlington 2013.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »World War I, the FBI, and the Mann Act: The White Slave Officer and Camp MacArthur.« 79th Annual Meeting of the Southern History Association. St. Louis 2013.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Beyond White Slavery: The Enforcement of the Federal White Slave Traffic Act in the United States, 1910-1941.« Fourth European Conference on World and Global History. Paris 2014.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The FBI's War on the High-Handed and High-Living Vice Queens: Sex Trafficking and Elite Prostitution in Depression-Era New York City.« Sixteenth Berkshire Conference on Women's History. Toronto 2014.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. Policing Sexuality: The Mann Act and the Making of the FBI. Cambridge 2014.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Saving White Slaves, Supervising Wives, & Policing Prostitutes: The FBI's Enforcement of the White Slave Traffic Act in America, 1910-41.« Amerika-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Munich 2014.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Beyond White Slavery: Policing Sexuality and the FBI.« Department of History, Ohio State University. Columbus 2015.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The FBI Investigates Interstate Sexual Violence: The Mann Act, 1910-1941.« Historicizing Rape. Cardiff 2015.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Lessons of Enforcement: The FBI, the White Slave Traffic Act, and 'Any Other Immoral Purpose'.« Historians Against Slavery Conference. Cincinnati 2015.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Lessons of Enforcement: The FBI, the White Slave Traffic Act, and "Any Other Immoral Purpose".« Trafficking, Smuggling, and Illicit Migration in Historical Perspective. London 2015.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »White Slaves and Moral Borders: The Enforcement of Anti-Sex Trafficking Policy in the United States, 1904-1941.« Human Trafficking, Labor Migration, and Migration Control in Comparative Historical Perspective. Chicago 2015.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »The FBI's White Slave Division: The creation of a national regulatory regime to police prostitutes in the United States, 1910-1918.« Global Anti-Vice Activism, 1890-1950: Fighting Drinks, Drugs, and “Immorality”. Edited by Jessica R. Pliley et al. New York 2016: 221-245.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Protecting the Young and the Innocent: Age, Consent, and the Enforcement of the White Slave Traffic Act.« Small Bonds: Child Slave from 1607 to 2004. Edited by Anna M. Duane. New York 2016.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Protecting White Slaves or Policing Prostitutes? Sex Trafficking, the FBI, and the Mann Act, 1900-1941.« Sex, Gender, and the Carceral State. Boston 2016.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Vice Queens and White Slaves: The FBI’s Crackdown on Elite Brothel Madams in 1930s New York City.« Journal of the History of Sexuality 25 (2016): 137-167.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Moral Border Control: U.S. Compliance with International Anti-Sex Trafficking Policy during WWII.« 110th Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians. New Orleans 2017.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »A Moral Quarantine: The FBI's White Slave Division, 1910-17.« 131st Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. Denver 2017.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica R. »Trafficked White Slaves and Misleading Marriages in the Campaigns Against Sex Trafficking, 1885-1927.« Federal History 11 (2019): 60-82.

[Info] Pliley, Jessica. »The Limits of Feminism: Sex Workers’ Rights and the Reemergence of Female Sexual Slavery, 1974–85.« 134th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. New York 2020.

[Info] Whyte, Christine. »“Praise Be, Prostitutes as the Women We Are not.” White Slavery and Human Trafficking – an Intersectional Analysis.« Intersectionality und Kritik: Neue Perspektiven für alte Fragen. Edited by Vera Kallenberg et al. Wiesbaden 2013: 125-141.


[Site] A s i a n   H i s t o r y

[Site] Cambodian History

[Info] Causey, Rachel. Sex Trafficking through the Survivors' Eyes: The Power of Memoir. Honors Thesis, Texas Christian University, 2014.

[Info] Hoefinger, Heidi. »Neoliberal Sexual Humanitarianism and Story-Telling: The case of Somaly Mam.« Anti-Trafficking Review No. 7 (2016): 56-78.


[Site] Indian History

[Info] Fischer-Tiné, Harald. »’White women degrading themselves to the lowest depths’: European networks of prostitution and colonial anxieties in British India and Ceylon ca. 1880-1914.« Indian Economic and Social History Review 40 (2003): 163-190.

[Info] Whyte, Christine. »“Praise Be, Prostitutes as the Women We Are not.” White Slavery and Human Trafficking – an Intersectional Analysis.« Intersectionality und Kritik: Neue Perspektiven für alte Fragen. Edited by Vera Kallenberg et al. Wiesbaden 2013: 125-141.


[Site] Sri Lancan History

[Info] Fischer-Tiné, Harald. »’White women degrading themselves to the lowest depths’: European networks of prostitution and colonial anxieties in British India and Ceylon ca. 1880-1914.« Indian Economic and Social History Review 40 (2003): 163-190.


[Site] E u r o p e a n   H i s t o r y

[Site] Albanian History

[Info] Davies, John. 'My Name Is Not Natasha': How Albanian Women in France Use Trafficking to Overcome Social Exclusion (1998-2001). Amsterdam 2009.


[Site] Austrian History

[Info] Natarajan, Ambika. Sex, Surveillance, and the Servant Question in Vienna, 1850-1914. Ph.D. Thesis, Oregon State University, 2019.

[Info] Wingfield, Nancy M. »Destination: Alexandria, Buenos Aires, Constantinople: "White Slavers" in Late Imperial Austria.« Journal of the History of Sexuality 20 (2011): 291-311.

[Info] Wingfield, Nancy M. The World of Prostitution in Late Imperial Austria. Oxford 2017.

[Info] Wingfield, Nancy. »Middlemen and "White Slavers": The Trafficking in Women and Girls in the Late Habsburg Monarchy.« Thirty-First Annual Conference of the German Studies. San Diego 2007.


[Site] Danish History

[Info] Knepper, Paul. »The International Traffic in Women: Scandinavia and the League of Nations Inquiry of 1927.« Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention 14(S1) (2013): 64-80.


[Site] Dutch History

[Info] de Vries, Petra. »‘White Slaves’ in a Colonial Nation: The Dutch Campaign Against the Traffic in Women in the Early Twentieth Century.« Social & Legal Studies 14 (2005): 39-60.


[Site] English History

[Info] Attwood, Rachael. Vice Beyond the Pale: Representing "White Slavery" in Britain, c.1880-1912. Ph.D. Thesis, University College London, 2013.

[Info] Attwood, Rachael. »Lock Up Your Daughters! Male Activists, 'Patriotic Domesticity' and the Fight Against Sex Trafficking in England, 1880-1912.« Gender & History 27 (2015): 611-627.

[Info] Attwood, Rachael. »Stopping the Traffic: The National Vigilance Association and the international fight against the ‘white slave’ trade (1899–c.1909).« Women's History Review 24 (2015): 325-350.

[Info] Attwood, Rachael. »Looking Beyond ‘White Slavery’: Trafficking, the Jewish Association, and the dangerous politics of migration control in England, 1890-1910.« Anti-Trafficking Review No. 7 (2016): 115-138.

[Info] Bristow, Edward. »British Jewry and the fight against the international white-slave traffic.« Immigrants & Minorities 2 (1983): 152-170.

[Info] Lammasniemi, Laura. »Anti-White Slavery Legislation and its Legacies in England.« Anti-Trafficking Review No. 9 (2017): 64-76.

[Info] Ray, Carina. »Sex Trafficking, Prostitution, and the Law in Colonial British West Africa, 1911-1943.« Trafficking in Slavery's Wake: Law and the Experience of Women and Children in Africa. Edited by Benjamin N. Lawrance et al. Athens 2012: 101-120.

[Info] Ray, Carina. »World War II and the Sex Trade in British West Africa.« Africa and World War II. Edited by Judith A. Byfield et al. New York 2015: 339-356.

[Info] Sabelus, Esther. Die weiße Sklavin: Mediale Inszenierungen von Sexualität und Großstadt um 1900. Berlin 2009.

[Info] Whyte, Christine. »“Praise Be, Prostitutes as the Women We Are not.” White Slavery and Human Trafficking – an Intersectional Analysis.« Intersectionality und Kritik: Neue Perspektiven für alte Fragen. Edited by Vera Kallenberg et al. Wiesbaden 2013: 125-141.


[Site] Finnish History

[Info] Knepper, Paul. »The International Traffic in Women: Scandinavia and the League of Nations Inquiry of 1927.« Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention 14(S1) (2013): 64-80.


[Site] French History

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. Reproducing the French Race: Immigration, Intimacy, and Embodiment in the Early Twentieth Century. Durham 2009.

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. »Coercion and Choice: The “Traffic in Women” between France and Argentina in the Early Twentieth Century.« French Historical Studies 42 (2019): 483-507.

[Info] Camiscioli, Elisa. »Trafficking Histories: Women’s Migration and Sexual Labor in the Early Twentieth Century.« Deportate, suli, profughe No. 40 (2019): 1-13.

[Info] Davies, John. 'My Name Is Not Natasha': How Albanian Women in France Use Trafficking to Overcome Social Exclusion (1998-2001). Amsterdam 2009.

[Info] Frydman, Hannah. »“The Press Procuress”: Brokering the “White Slave Trade” in Popular Newspapers.« 134th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association. New York 2020.


[Site] German History

[Info] Bristow, Edward. »The German-Jewish Fight Against White Slavery.« Leo Baeck Institute Year Book 28 (1983): 301-328.

[Info] Müller-Wienbergen, Karina. »Zwischen Prostitution, Migration und Fürsorge: Geschlechterperspektiven auf „die weiße Sklaverei“ im Deutschen Kaiserreich.« Um die Ecke gedacht: Perspektiven geisteswissenschaftlicher Nachwuchsforschung. Göttingen 2014.

[Info] Sabelus, Esther. Die weiße Sklavin: Mediale Inszenierungen von Sexualität und Großstadt um 1900. Berlin 2009.


[Site] Irish History

Representations: Literary Texts: James Joyce


[Site] Italian History

[Info] Schettini, Laura. »La tratta delle bianche in Italia tra paure sociali e pratiche di polizia (XIX-XX secolo).« Italia contemporanea No. 288 (2018): 236-258.


[Site] Maltese History

[Info] Knepper, Paul. »The ‘White Slave Trade’ and the Music Hall Affair in 1930s Malta.« Journal of Contemporary History 44 (2009): 205-220.


[Site] Norwegian History

[Info] Knepper, Paul. »The International Traffic in Women: Scandinavia and the League of Nations Inquiry of 1927.« Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention 14(S1) (2013): 64-80.


[Site] Polish History

[Info] Stauter-Halsted, Keely. The Devil's Chain: Prostitution and Social Control in Partitioned Poland. Ithaca 2015.


[Site] Russian History

[Info] Alroey, Gur. »"And I Remained Alone in a Vast Land": Women in the Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe.« Jewish Social Studies 12 (2006): 39-72.


[Site] Swedish History

[Info] Knepper, Paul. »The International Traffic in Women: Scandinavia and the League of Nations Inquiry of 1927.« Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention 14(S1) (2013): 64-80.